The elected political leaders govern Bangladesh with the aid of a permanent bureaucracy. The ministers remain at the helm of ministries or divisions, which are manned by civil servants recruited by the public service commission.
The country is divided into six administrative division (namely Dhaka, Chittagong, Rajshahi, Khulna, Barisal and Sylhet),each composed of districts. There are 64 districts, which are in turn divided into upazilas. At present, there are 469 upazilas each divided into unions, mouzas and villages at the lowest tier.
At the apex of the country’s judiciary stands the supreme court. It consists of the high court division and the appellate division .The supreme court serves as the guardian of the constitution and enforces the fundamental rights of the citizens.
There are subordinate courts at district and upazilla levels as well as special courts and tribunals such as the administrative tribunal, family courts ,labour tribunal, land, commercial, municipal and marine courts, tribunals for checking repression on woman and children and for speedy trial of cases related to terrorism.
The parliament or jatiya sangsad has 300 seats. At present, all the members are directly elected. The tenure of the parliament is five years.
The Parliament is a sovereign body with a separate secretariat. The speaker, along with the Deputy Speaker, Whips and panel of chairman run the sessions of parliament. The Parliamentary session are summoned by the president within two months of the expiry of a session.
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